In this article we list some key dates from world history relating to battles and wars, dynasties, great kings, rulers and presidents, artists, composers, novelists, poets and playwrights.
Submitted by Aubergine. Gathered from various resources and lists on the Internet.
Note: This list is not intended to be complete or comprehensive. We are currently working on more specialised lists such as Roman Battles, etc., which will deal with particular topics. For this list we just wanted to give a general snapshot of many historic events and people. Battles - Marathon 490 B.C.
- Salamis 480 B.C.
- Zama 202 B.C.
- Actium 31 B.C.
- Teutoberg Forest 9 A.D.
- Adrianople 378
- Châlons 451
- Tours 732
- Hastings 1066
- Bannockburn 1314
- Crécy 1346
- Poitiers 1356
- Agincourt 1415
- Siege of Orléans 1428-1429
- Siege of Constantinople 1453
- Bosworth Field 1485
- Lepanto 1571
- Armada 1588
- Naseby 1645
- Boyne 1690
- Blenheim 1704
- Poltava 1709
- Plassey 1757
- Quebec 1759
- Saratoga 1777
- Yorktown 1781
- Trafalgar 1805
- Austerlitz 1805
- Jena and Auerstädt 1806
- Leipzig 1813
- Waterloo 1815
- Gettysburg 1863
- Vicksburg 1863
- Sedan 1870
- Marne 1914
- Verdun 1916
- Jutland 1916
- Somme 1916
- Britain 1940
- Coral Sea 1942
- Midway 1942
- El Alamein 1942
- Stalingrad 1942-1943
- Normandy 1944
- Bulge 1944-1945
- Inchon 1950
- Dien Bien Phu 1954
Wars - American War of Independence 1775-1783
- War of the Austrian Succession 1740-1748
- Boer War 1899-1902
- American Civil War 1861-1865
- English Civil War 1642-1646
- Nigerian Civil War 1967-1970
- Spanish Civil War 1936-1939
- Crimean War 1853-1856
- First Crusade 1096-9
- Second Crusade 1147-8
- Third Crusade 1189-92
- Fourth Crusade 1202-4
- Fifth Crusade 1217-21
- Sixth Crusade 1228-9
- Seventh Crusade 1248-54
- Eighth Crusade 1270-2
- Falklands War 1982
- Franco-Prussian War 1870-1871
- Hundred Years War 1337-1453
- Iran-Iraq War 1980-88
- Korean War 1950-1953
- War of the League of Augsburg 1688-97
- Mexican-American War 1846-1848
- Napoleonic Wars 1792-1815
- October War 1973
- Peloponnesian War 431-404 B.C.
- Persian Gulf War 1991
- Punic Wars 264-146 B.C.
- Seven Years War 1756-1763
- Six-Day War 1967
- Spanish-American War 1898
- War of the Spanish Succession 1701-1713
- Thirty Years War 1618-1648
- Vietnam War 1956-1975
- War of 1812 1812-1814
- Wars of the Roses 1455-1485
- World War I 1914-1918
- World War II 1939-1945
Dynasties Chinese - Shang dynasty 1700-1028 B.C.
- Chou dynasty 1027-207 B.C.
- Han dynasty 206 B.C. - 220 A.D.
- Six dynasties 220-589
- Sui dynasty 589-618
- T'ang dynasty 618-960
- Northern and Southern Sung dynasties 960-1279
- Yuan dynasty 1280-1368
- Ming dynasty 1368-1644
- Ch'ing dynasty 1644-1916
French - Merovingian dynasty 486-751
- Carolingian dynasty 751-987
- Capetian dynasty 987-1328
- Valois dynasty 1328-1589
- Bourbon dynasty 1589-1792
Rulers of the Roman Empire - Augustus 27 B.C. - 14 A.D.
- Tiberius 14-37 A.D.
- Caligula 37-41 A.D.
- Claudius 41-54 A.D.
- Nero 54-68 A.D.
- Vespasian 69-79
- Titus 79-81
- Domitian 81-96
- Nerva 96-8
- Trajan 98-117
- Hadrian 117-138
- Antoninus Pius 138-161
- Marcus Aurelius 161-180
- Commodus 180-192
- Pertinax 193
- Didius Julianus 193
- Septimus Severus 193-211
- Caracalla 211-17
- Geta 211-12
- Macrinus 217-18
- Heliogabalus 218-22
- Alexander Severus 222-35
- Maximin 235-8
- Gordian I and Gordian II, Balbinus, Pupienus 238
- Gordian III 238-44
- Philip 244-9
- Decius 249-51
- Hostilianus 251
- Gallus 251-3
- Aemilianus 253
- Valerian 253-60
- Gallienus 253-68
- Claudius II 268-70
- Aurelian 270-5
- Tacitus 275-6
- Florianus 276
- Probus 276-82
- Carus 282-3
- Carinus 283-5
- Numerianus 283-4
- Diocletian 284-305
- Maximian 286-305
- Constantius I 305-6
- Galerius 305-10
- Maximin 308-13
- Licinius 308-24
- Maxentius 306-12
- Constantine I (The Great) 306-37
- Constantine II 337-40
- Magnentius 350-3
- Julian 361-3
- Jovian 363-4
- Valentinian I 364-75
- Valens 364-78
- Grantian 375-83
- Maximus 383-8
- Valentinian II 375-92
- Eugenius 392-4
- Theodosius I (The Great) 375-95
- Arcadius 395-408
- Theodosius II 408-50
- Marcian 450-7
- Leo I 457-74
- Leo II 474
- Honorius 395-423
- Maximus 409-11
- Constantius III 421
- Valentinian III 425-55
- Petronius Maximus 455
- Avitus 455-6
- Majorian 457-61
- Libius Severus 461-5
- Anthemius 467-72
- Olybrius 472
- Glycerius 473-4
- Julius Nepos 474-5
- Romulus Augustus 475-6
Rulers of England and Great Britain Saxons - Egbert 827-839
- Ethelwulf 839-858
- Ethelbald 858-860
- Ethelbert 860-865
- Ethelred I 865-871
- Alfred the Great 871-899
- Edward the Elder 899-924
- Athelstan 924-939
- Edmund 939-946
- Edred 946-955
- Edwy 955-959
- Edgar 959-975
- Edward the Martyr 975-978
- Ethelred II the Unready 978-1016
- Edmund Ironside 1016
Danes - Canute 1016-1035
- Harold I Harefoot 1035-1040
- Hardicanute 1040-1042
Saxons - Edward the Confessor 1042-1066
- Harold II 1066
House of Normany - William I the Conqueror 1066-1087
- William II 1087-1100
- Henry I 1100-1135
- Stephen 1135-1154
House of Plantagenet - Henry II 1154-1189
- Richard I 1189-1199
- John 1199-1216
- Henry III 1216-1272
- Edward I 1272-1307
- Edward II 1307-1327
- Edward III 1327-1377
- Richard II 1377-1399
House of Lancaster - Henry IV 1399-1413
- Henry V 1413-1422
- Henry VI 1422-1461
House of York - Edward IV 1461-1483
- Edward V 1483
- Richard III 1483-1485
House of Tudor - Henry VII 1485-1509
- Henry VIII 1509-1547
- Edward VI 1547-1553
- Mary I 1553-1558
- Elizabeth I 1558-1603
House of Stuart - James I 1603-1625
- Charles I 1625-1649
Commonwealth 1649-1660 - Oliver Cromwell (Lord Protector) 1653-1658
- Richard Cromwell (Lord Protector) 1658-1659
House of Stuart (restored) - Charles II 1660-1685
- James II 1685-1688
- William III 1689-1702 and Mary II 1689-1694
- Anne 1702-1714
House of Hanover - George I 1714-1727
- George II 1727-1760
- George III 1760-1820
- George IV 1820-1830
- William IV 1830-1837
- Victoria 1837-1901
House of Saxe-Coburg House of Windsor - George V 1910-1936
- Edward VIII 1936
- George VI 1936-1952
- Elizabeth II 1952-
Rulers of France - Hugh Capet 987-996
- Robert II, the Pious 996-1031
- Henri I 1031-1060
- Philip I 1060-1108
- Louis VI, the Fat 1108-1137
- Louis VII, the Young 1137-1180
- Philip II Augustus 1180-1223
- Louis VIII 1223-1226
- Louis IX, Saint Louis 1226-1270
- Philip III, the Bold 1270-1285
- Philip IV, the Fair 1285-1314
- Louis X 1314-1316
- John I 1316
- Philip V 1316-1322
- Charles IV 1322-1328
- Philip VI 1328-1350
- John II 1350-1364
- Charles V 1364-1380
- Charles VI 1380-1422
- Charles VII 1422-1461
- Louis XI 1461-1483
- Charles VIII 1483-1498
- Louis XII 1498-1515
- François I 1515-1547
- Henri II 1547-1559
- François II 1559-1560
- Charles IX 1560-1574
- Henri III 1574-1589
- Henri IV 1589-1610
- Louis XIII 1610-1643
- Louis XIV 1643-1715
- Louis XV 1715-1774
- Louis XVI 1774-1792
- The First Republic 1792-1804
- Napoleon I (Emperor) 1804-1814
- Louis XVIII 1814-1824
- Charles X 1824-1830
- Louis Philippe 1830-1848
- The Second Republic 1848-1852
- Napoleon III (Emperor) 1852-1870
Rulers of Russia - Ivan III the Great 1462-1505
- Vasily III 1505-1533
- Ivan IV the Terrible 1533-1584
- Fedor I 1584-1598
- Boris Godunov 1598-1605
- Time of Troubles 1604-1613
- Michael Romanov 1613-1645
- Alexis 1645-1676
- Fedor III 1676-1682
- Peter I the Great 1682-1725
- Catherine I 1725-1727
- Peter II 1727-1730
- Anna Ivanovna 1730-1740
- Ivan VI 1740-1741
- Elizabeth 1741-1762
- Peter III 1762
- Catherine II the Great 1762-1796
- Paul I 1796-1801
- Alexander I 1801-1825
- Nicholas I 1825-1855
- Alexander II 1855-1881
- Alexander III 1881-1894
- Nicholas II 1894-1917
U.S. Presidents 1. George Washington 1789-1797 2. John Adams 1797-1801 3. Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809 4. James Madison 1809-1817 5. James Monroe 1817-1825 6. John Quincy Adams 1825-1829 7. Andrew Jackson 1829-1837 8. Martin Van Buren 1837-1841 9. William Henry Harrison 1841 10. John Tyler 1841-1845 11. James K. Polk 1845-1849 12. Zachary Taylor 1849-1850 13. Millard Fillmore 1850-1853 14. Franklin Pierce 1853-1857 15. James Buchanan 1857-1861 16. Abraham Lincoln 1861-1865 17. Andrew Johnson 1865-1869 18. Ulysses S. Grant 1869-1877 19. Rutherford B. Hayes 1877-1881 20. James A. Garfield 1881 21. Chester A. Arthur 1881-1885 22. Grover Cleveland 1885-1889 23. Benjamin Harrison 1889-1893 24. Grover Cleveland 1893-1897 25. William McKinley 1897-1901 26. Theodore Roosevelt 1901-1909 27. William H. Taft 1909-1913 28. Woodrow Wilson 1913-1921 29. Warren G. Harding 1921-1923 30. Calvin Coolidge 1923-1929 31. Herbert Hoover 1929-1933 32. Franklin D. Roosevelt 1933-1945 33. Harry S. Truman 1945-1953 34. Dwight D. Eisenhower 1953-1961 35. John F. Kennedy 1961-1963 36. Lyndon B. Johnson 1963-1969 37. Richard M. Nixon 1969-1974 38. Gerald R. Ford 1974-1977 39. James Earl (Jimmy) Carter 1977-1981 40. Ronald Reagan 1981-1989 41. George Bush 1989-1992 42. William Jefferson (BIll) Clinton 1992-2001 43. George W. Bush 2001- Artists 14th Century Italy: 15th Century Italy: - Donatello (1386-1466)
- Fra Angelico (1400-1455)
- Sandro Botticelli (1444-1510)
Netherlands: - Jan van Eyck (1390-1441)
- Heironymus Bosch (1450-1518)
16th Century Italy: - Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
- Michelangelo (1475-1564)
- Raphael (1483-1520)
- Titian (1490-1576)
- Jacopo Tintoretto (1518-1594)
- Benvenuto Cellini (1500-1571)
- Paolo Veronese (1528-1588)
Germany: - Mathis Grünewald (1460-1528)
- Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528)
- Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472-1553)
- Albrecht Altdorfer (1489-1538)
- Hans Holbein the Younger (1497-1543)
The Netherlands: - Pieter Bruegel (1525-1569)
Spain: 17th Century Italy: Flanders: - Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)
- Anthony van Dyck (1599-1641)
Spain: - Diego Velázquez (1599-1660)
- Bartolomé Estebán Murillo (1617-1682)
The Netherlands: - Frans Hals (1581-1666)
- Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-1669)
- Jan Steen (1626-1679)
- Johannes Vermeer (1632-1675)
18th Century France: - Jean-Antoine Watteau (1684-1721)
- François Boucher (1703-1770)
- Jean-Honoré Fragonard (1732-1806)
England: - William Hogarth (1697-1764)
- Joshua Reynolds (1723-1792)
- Thomas Gainsborough (1727-1788)
- William Blake (1757-1827)
America: - John Singleton Copley (1738-1815)
19th Century Spain: - Francisco de Goya (1746-1828)
England: - Joseph Mallord William Turner (1775-1851)
- John Constable (1776-1837)
- Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-1882)
United States: - Washington Allston (1779-1843)
- Asher B. Durand (1796-1886)
- Mary Cassatt (1844-1926)
- Thomas Eakins (1844-1916)
- John Singer Sargent (1856-1925)
- Winslow Homer (1836-1910)
- Albert Pinkham Ryder (1846-1917)
- James Abbott McNeill Whistler (1834-1903)
The Netherlands: - Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890)
France: - Jacques Louis David (1748-1825)
- Théodore Géricault (1791-1824)
- Eugéne Delacroix (1798-1863)
- Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres (1780-1867)
- Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (1796-1875)
- Jean-François Millet (1814-1875)
- Gustave Courbet (1819-1877)
- Edouard Manet (1832-1883)
- Honoré Daumier (1808-1879)
- Claude Monet (1840-1926)
- Pierre Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)
- Edgar Degas (1834-1917)
- Georges Seurat (1859-1891)
- Alfred Sisley (1839-1899)
- Camille Pissarro (1830-1903)
- Paul Cézanne (1839-1906)
- Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)
- Henri Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901)
- Auguste Rodin (1840-1917)
Composers Baroque - Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643)
- Antonio Corelli (1653-1713)
- Antonio Scarlatti (1660-1725)
- Antonio Vivaldi (1675-1741)
- Domenico Scarlatti (1685-1757)
- Heinrich Schütz (1585-1672)
- Dietrich Buxtehude (1637-1707)
- Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706)
- Georg Phillipp Telemann (1681-1767)
- J.S. Bach (1685-1750)
- François Couperin (1668-1733)
- Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683-1764)
- Henry Purcell (1659-1695)
- George Frideric Handel (1685-1759)
Classical - Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809)
- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791)
- Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)
- Franz Schubert (1797-1828)
Early Romantic - Carl Maria von Weber (1786-1826)
- Hector Berlioz (1803-1969)
- Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847)
- Robert Schumann (1810-1856)
- Frédéric Chopin (1810-1849)
Middle Romantic - Franz Liszt (1811-1886)
- Richard Wagner (1813-1883)
- César Franck (1822-1890)
- Bedrich Smetana (1824-1884)
- Johannes Brahms (1833-1897)
- Edvard Grieg (1843-1907)
- Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893)
- Antonin Dvorák (1841-1904)
Late Romantic - Edward Elgar (1857-1934)
- Gustav Mahler (1860-1911)
- Richard Strauss (1864-1949)
- Gustav Holst (1874-1934)
Philosophers - Thales of Miletus (c.624-546 B.C.)
- Anaximander (c. 610-546 B.C.)
- Anaximenes (c. 585-528 B.C.)
- Pythagoras (c. 571-496 B.C.)
- Heraclitus of Ephesus (c.544-484 B.C.)
- Parmenides (c. 501 B.C.)
- Zeno of Elea (c. 490-430 B.C.)
- Socrates (470-399 B.C.)
- Plato (427-347 B.C.)
- Aristotle (384-322 B.C.)
- Plotinus (205-270 A.D.)
- Augustine of Hippo (354-430 A.D.)
- Moses Maimonides (1135-1204)
- St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)
- John Duns Scotus (c.1265-1308)
- Meister Eckhart (1260-1327)
- William of Ockham (c.1285-1349)
- Niccolo di Bernardo del Machiavelli (1469-1527)
- Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)
- Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
- Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
- Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)
- René Descartes (1596-1650)
- Benedict de Spinoza (1632-1677)
- Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716)
- John Locke (1632-1704)
- George Berkeley (1685-1753)
- David Hume (1711-1777)
- Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)
- Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
- Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)
- Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762-1814)
- Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (1775-1854)
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831)
- Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860)
- John Stuart Mill (1806-1873)
- Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855)
- Karl Marx (1818-1883)
- Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914)
- William James (1842-1910)
- Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900)
- Henri Bergson (1859-1941)
- John Dewey (1859-1952)
- Bertrand Russell (1872-1970)
- George Edward Moore (1873-1958)
- Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951)
- Martin Heidegger (1889-1976)
- Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970)
- Jean-Paul Sartre (1905-1980)
Novelists - Daniel Defoe (1660-1731)
- Jonathan Swift (1667-1745)
- Jane Austen (1775-1817)
- Mary Wallstonecraft Shelley (1797-1851)
- Stendhal (Marie Henri Beyle, 1788-1842)
- Honoré de Balzac (1799-1850)
- Victor Hugo (1802-1885)
- Alexandre Dumas (1802-1870)
- Charles Dickens (1812-1870)
- George Eliot (1819-1880)
- William Makepeace Thackeray (1811-1863)
- Anthony Trollope (1815-1882)
- Charlotte Brontë (1816-1855)
- Emily Brontë (1818-1848)
- Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880)
- Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881)
- Nathaniel Hawthorne (1802-1864)
- Herman Melville (1819-1891)
- Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910)
- Lewis Carroll (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson, 1832-1898)
- Thomas Hardy (1840-1928)
- Emile Zola (1841-1902)
- Henry James (1843-1916)
- Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894)
- Joseph Conrad (1857-1924)
- John Galsworthy (1867-1933)
- Marcel Proust (1871-1922)
- Stephen Crane (1871-1900)
- William Somerset Maugham (1874-1965)
- Thomas Mann (1875-1955)
- Hermann Hesse (1877-1962)
- Franza Kafka (1883-1924)
- Edward Morgan Forster (1879-1970)
- James Joyce (1882-1941)
- Virginia Woolf (1882-1941)
- David Herbert Lawrence (1885-1930)
- F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940)
- William Faulkner (1897-1962)
- Aldous Huxley (1894-1963)
- Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961)
- John Steinbeck (1902-1968)
- Simone De Beauvoir (1908-1986)
- William Golding (1911-1993)
- Saul Bellow (1915- )
- Heinrich Böll (1917-1985)
- George Orwell (1903-1950)
- Richard Wright (1908-1960)
- Albert Camus (1913-1960)
- Gabriel García Márquez (1928- )
Poets - Dante Alighieri (1265-1321)
- Petrarch (Francesco Petrarca, 1304-1374)
- Giovanni Bocaccio (1313-1375)
- Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400)
- Miguel de Cervantes (1547-1616)
- Edmund Spenser (1552-1599)
- William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
- John Donne (1572-1631)
- John Milton (1608-1674)
- Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)
- William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
- Samuel Taylor Coleridge (1772-1834)
- George Gordon Byron (1788-1824)
- Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)
- John Keats (1795-1821)
- Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
- Elizabeth Barrett Browning (1806-1861)
- Alfred, Lord Tennyson (1809-1892)
- Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)
- Walt Whitman (1819-1892)
- Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867)
- Emily Dickinson (1830-1886)
- Gerard Manley Hopkins (1844-1889)
- William Butler Yeats (1865-1939)
- Robert Frost (1874-1963)
- Rainer Maria Rilke (1875-1926)
- Wallace Stevens (1879-1955)
- Ezra Pound (1885-1972)
- Thomas Stearns Eliot (1888-1965)
- Langston Hughes (1902-1967)
- Wystan Hugh Auden (1907-1973)
- Theodore Roethke (1908-1963)
- Dylan Thomas (1914-1953)
- Sylvia Plath (1832-1963)
Playwrights - Aeschylus (c.525-456 B.C.)
- Sophocles (c.496-406 B.C.)
- Euripides (c.480-406 B.C.)
- Aristophanes (c.448-380 B.C.)
- Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593)
- William Shakespeare (1564-1616)
- Ben Jonson (1572-1637)
- Lope Félix de Vega (1562-1635)
- Pedro Calderón de la Barca (1600-1681)
- Pierre Corneille (1606-1684)
- Molière (Jean-Baptiste Poquelin, 1622-1673)
- Jean Racine (1639-1699)
- John Webster (1580-1634)
- John Dryden (1611-1700)
- William Congreve (1670-1729)
- Pierre Auguste Caron de Beaumarchais (1732-1799)
- Friedrich von Schiller (1759-1805)
- Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)
- Oliver Goldsmith (1731-1774)
- Richard Brinsley Sheridan (1751-1816)
- Alexander Sergeivich Pushkin (1799-1837)
- Nikolai Gogol (1809-1852)
- Ivan Turgenev (1818-1883)
- Georg Büchner (1813-1837)
- Henrik Ibsen (1828-1906)
- Anton Chekhov (1860-1904)
- Maxim Gorky (1868-193)
- August Strindberg (1849-1912)
- Oscar Wilde (1854-1900)
- George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950)
- Luigi Pirandello (1867-1936)
- Eugene O'Neill (1888-1953)
- Federico García Lorca (1898-1936)
- Bertolt Brecht (1898-1956)
- Noel Coward (1899-1973)
- Eugène Ionesco (1912-1994)
- Samuel Beckett (1906-1989)
- Thornton Wilder (1897-1975)
- Tennessee(Thomas Lanier) Williams (1911-1983)
- Lorraine Hansberry (1930-1965)
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